Association Between Serum Magnesium and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Introduction. There are associations between serum magnesium level and some risk factors of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, such as lipid profile, serum albumin, C-reactive protein, serum phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and diabetes mellitus in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to examine these associations.

Materials and Methods. This study was conducted on 103 patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Laboratory assessment was performed before hemodialysis session in a 12-hour fasting state. Patients were divided into two groups according to their serum magnesium concentration (< 2.6 mg/dL, n = 34 and ≥ 2.6 mg/dL, n = 69).

Results. The mean age of the patients was 57.4 ± 15.4 years. The mean serum magnesium was 2.80 ± 0.55 mg/dL (range, 1.7 mg/dL to 7 mg/dL). There were no significant differences in serum magnesium between patients with low and high values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. Of the 103 patients, 1 (1%) had hypomagnesemia, 41 (39.8%) had magnesium levels within normal range, and 61 (59.2%) had hypermagnesemia. Serum magnesium significantly correlated with plasma phosphorus level (r = 0.35, P < .001) and albumin (r = 0.24, P = .01). There were no correlations between serum magnesium level and age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure before dialysis, serum calcium, lipid profile, and apoprotein(a).

Conclusions. In our cohort of hemodialysis patients, there were no correlations between serum magnesium levels and atherogenic lipids, serum calcium, or parathyroid hormone.