Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Hyponatremia and its Risk Factors in Hospitalized Children: A Longitudinal Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61882/ijkd.19.04.8541Keywords:
Hyponatremia, Pediatric, Hospital-acquired, SodiumAbstract
Introduction. Hyponatremia in hospitalized children is associated with several clinical complications. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of hospital-acquired hyponatremia in pediatric patients.
Method. A longitudinal study was conducted between 2016 and 2020 on hospitalized children who were admitted in Dr Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran with normal serum sodium levels. Patients were followed for hyponatremia and its risk factors during hospitalization. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, underlying disease, type of serum, ward of hospitalization, and final diagnosis were recorded. Patients with incomplete blood samples or abnormal serum level of sodium at the time of admission were excluded.
Result. A total of 456 children, including 267 males (58.6%) with a mean age of 69.40 ± 42.42 months were studied. The incidence of hyponatremia was 22.1%. The female sex (3.83 (95% confidence interval: 1.08, 13.59)) was the independent risk factors of hyponatremia. Children less than one year of age (2.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.97, 7.42) P = .057), were also borderline significant for the risk of hyponatremia.
Conclusion. The incidence of hospital-acquired hyponatremia was 22.1%. The female sex was the independent risk factor of hyponatremia. Children less than one year of age may also be at risk for hyponatremia. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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